Seen какое время
Одним из первых глаголов, с которым сталкивается любой изучающий английский язык человек, является глагол to see. Это глагол восприятия, основным значением которого является «видеть». Как известно, большую часть информации об окружающем мире нам дает зрение, поэтому сфера употребления глагола to see действительно очень широка. Однако на базе основного значения существуют еще несколько дополнительных, что подробнее представлено в таблице, данной ниже.
See in present simple
Утверждение
He sees
She sees
It sees
Отрицание
I do not see
You do not see
He does not see
She does not see
It does not see
We do not see
You do not see
They do not see
Вопрос
Do you see?
Does he see?
Does she see?
Does it see?
Do you see?
Do they see?
Устойчивые выражения с глаголом to see
to see an eyeful of smth.
увидеть много интересного
During the performance we saw an eyeful of fascinating tricks.
Во время представления мы увидели много захватывающих трюков.
to see which way the cat jumps
смотреть, откуда ветер подует (букв. «смотреть, в какую сторону кошка прыгнет»)
They are doing nothing because they want to see which way the cat jumps.
Они бездействуют, потому что смотрят, откуда ветер подует.
to see how the gander hops
ждать дальнейшего развития событий (букв. «смотреть, как гусак подпрыгнет»)
You’d better see how the gander hops.
Тебе следовало бы подождать дальнейшего развития событий.
to see the colour of smb.’s money
получить деньги от кого-либо
He behaves himself as if he had never seen the colour of my money.
Он ведет себя так, будто он никогда не получал от меня денег.
lookers-on see most of the game
со стороны виднее
You can rely on my opinion as lookers-on see most of the game.
Ты можешь положиться на мое мнение, так как со стороны виднее.
to see the handwriting on the wall
предсказать приближающееся несчастье (букв. «увидеть надпись на стене»)
I wonder how she manages avoiding unpleasant situations with her kind of work. She seems to see the handwriting on the wall.
Интересно, как ей удается избегать неприятных ситуаций с ее-то работой. Кажется, она умеет предсказывать будущее.
to see how the land lies
смотреть, как обстоят дела (букв. «смотреть, как лежит земля»)
Next week we’ll have a big checkup. Our top manager wants to see how the land lies.
На следующей неделе у нас большая проверка. Наш главный управляющий хочет посмотреть, как обстоят дела.
to come [kʌm] - нерегулярный или неправильный глагол в английском языке, который имеет следующие 3 формы: come, came, come. Глагол имеет значения:
приходить, приехать, прибывать, приезжать, ехать, подходить, доходить, приближаться, достигать, сводиться к чему-либо, наступать, ожидаться, появляться, предстоять, случаться, проистекать, выходить, происходить
Глагол to see – неправильный глагол в английском языке, в переводе на русский означает: увидеть, смотреть, посмотреть, видеть, наблюдать, рассматривать.
| Infinitive | to see |
|---|---|
| Simple past | saw |
| Past participle | seen |
| -s | sees |
| -ing | seeing |
See in past continuous
Утверждение
I was seeing
You were seeing
He was seeing
She was seeing
It was seeing
We were seeing
You were seeing
They were seeing
Отрицание
I was not seeing
You were not seeing
He was not seeing
She was not seeing
It was not seeing
We were not seeing
You were not seeing
They were not seeing
Вопрос
Was I seeing?
Were you seeing?
Was he seeing?
Was she seeing?
Was it seeing?
Were we seeing?
Were you seeing?
Were they seeing?
See in future continuous
Утверждение
I will be seeing
You will be seeing
He will be seeing
She will be seeing
It will be seeing
We will be seeing
You will be seeing
They will be seeing
Отрицание
I will not be seeing
You will not be seeing
He will not be seeing
She will not be seeing
It will not be seeing
We will not be seeing
You will not be seeing
They will not be seeing
Вопрос
Will I be seeing?
Will you be seeing?
Will he be seeing?
Will she be seeing?
Will it be seeing?
Will we be seeing?
Will you be seeing?
Will they be seeing?
See in present perfect
Утверждение
I have seen
You have seen
He has seen
She has seen
It has seen
We have seen
You have seen
They have seen
Отрицание
I have not seen
You have not seen
He has not seen
She has not seen
It has not seen
We have not seen
You have not seen
They have not seen
Вопрос
Have I seen?
Have you seen?
Has he seen?
Has she seen?
Has it seen?
Have we seen?
Have you seen?
Have they seen?
See in conditional present
Утверждение
I would see
You would see
He would see
She would see
It would see
We would see
You would see
They would see
Отрицание
I would not see
You would not see
He would not see
She would not see
It would not see
We would not see
You would not see
They would not see
Вопрос
Would I see?
Would you see?
Would he see?
Would she see?
Would it see?
Would we see?
Would you see?
Would they see?
See in past perfect continuous
Утверждение
I had been seeing
You had been seeing
He had been seeing
She had been seeing
It had been seeing
We had been seeing
You had been seeing
They had been seeing
Отрицание
I had not been seeing
You had not been seeing
He had not been seeing
She had not been seeing
It had not been seeing
We had not been seeing
You had not been seeing
They had not been seeing
Вопрос
Had I been seeing?
Had you been seeing?
Had he been seeing?
Had she been seeing?
Had it been seeing?
Had we been seeing?
Had you been seeing?
Had they been seeing?
Значения
видеть
You can see a majestic bouquet of lilies in this picture.
Вы можете видеть на этой картине великолепный букет лилий.
понимать
справляться (в справочнике), смотреть
My friend saw this meaning of that verb in the dictionary.
Мой друг справился об этом значении того глагола в словаре.
представлять себе
I often see you and our happy family in my dreams.
Я часто представляю себе тебя и нашу счастливую семью в своих мечтах.
находить, обнаружить
When I started to check up my essay I saw a lot of mistakes. I don’t understand how I could make them!
Когда я начал проверять свое эссе, я обнаружил много ошибок. Не понимаю, как я только мог их сделать!
видеться, встречаться
I see Jane next Friday. We have something to discuss.
Я встречаюсь с Джейн в следующую пятницу. Нам нужно кое-что обсудить.
осматривать (достопримечательности)
During our excursion we saw a lot of ancient monuments and buildings.
Во время нашей экскурсии мы видели много древних памятников и зданий.
обращаться (за консультацией)
I think you should see a doctor. Your cough may be very dangerous.
Я думаю, тебе следует обратиться к врачу. Твой кашель может быть очень опасным.
Особенности употребления глагола to see с конструкцией Complex Object
В предложениях со сложным дополнением глагол to see может употребляться и с инфинитивом, и с герундием другого глагола. Причем употребление инфинитива осуществляется без частицы to:
I saw Paul get into his car and drive away.
Я видел, как Пол сел в свою машину и уехал.
Разница в употреблении с инфинитивом и герундием заключается в следующем:
1) инфинитив применяется, если кто-то видит, как некто другой совершил действие, то есть видел и его завершение, действие окончено;
2) в случаях с употреблением герундия кто-то видит процесс совершения кем-либо некоего продолжительного действия, причем это действие не заканчивается у него на глазах.
Рассмотрим это на конкретных примерах:
I saw Jason fall off the ladder.
Я видел, как Джейсон упал с лестницы. (действие завершилось у меня на глазах)
I saw Matthew walking along the street.
Я видел, как Мэтью шел по улице. (я видел лишь часть действия, но не его завершение)
See in conditional perfect progressive
Утверждение
I would have been seeing
You would have been seeing
He would have been seeing
She would have been seeing
It would have been seeing
We would have been seeing
You would have been seeing
They would have been seeing
Отрицание
I would not have been seeing
You would not have been seeing
He would not have been seeing
She would not have been seeing
It would not have been seeing
We would not have been seeing
You would not have been seeing
They would not have been seeing
Вопрос
Would I have been seeing?
Would you have been seeing?
Would he have been seeing?
Would she have been seeing?
Would it have been seeing?
Самым «сложным» правилом английского языка является для многих начинающих изучать его (а иногда и не только для них) добавление окончания –(e)s к глаголу в форме 3-го лица единственного числа Present Simple (настоящего простого времени), употребляемой в утвердительном предложении (подробнее об отрицательной и вопросительной формах можно прочитать в статье о Prese nt Simple ). И хотя это правило довольно простое и изучается среди базовых основ английской грамматики буквально на первых уроках, тем не менее, ошибка, связанная с неправильным употреблением этой глагольной формы допускается довольно часто. А ошибка эта, стоит отметить, довольно грубая и сразу режет слух носителю языка и просто человеку, хорошо говорящему на английском. Поэтому мы постараемся разобраться с этой глагольной формой и «коварным» окончанием!
При спряжении в настоящем времени (то есть изменении формы глагола, соответствующей определенному лицу и числу) в русском языке глагол меняет свое окончание практически в каждом отдельном случае. Чего нельзя сказать об английском языке. Здесь изменение глагольной формы происходит только в 3-м лице единственного числа (которой соответствуют местоимения he – он, she – она , it – оно), а именно за счет добавления окончания – s . Сравним:
See in future perfect continuous
Утверждение
I will have been seeing
You will have been seeing
He will have been seeing
She will have been seeing
It will have been seeing
We will have been seeing
You will have been seeing
They will have been seeing
Отрицание
I will not have been seeing
You will not have been seeing
He will not have been seeing
She will not have been seeing
It will not have been seeing
We will not have been seeing
You will not have been seeing
They will not have been seeing
Вопрос
Will I have been seeing?
Will you have been seeing?
Will he have been seeing?
Will she have been seeing?
Will it have been seeing?
Will we have been seeing?
Will you have been seeing?
Will they have been seeing?
See in present continuous
Утверждение
I am seeing
You are seeing
He is seeing
She is seeing
It is seeing
We are seeing
You are seeing
They are seeing
Отрицание
I am not seeing
You are not seeing
He is not seeing
She is not seeing
It is not seeing
We are not seeing
You are not seeing
They are not seeing
Вопрос
Am I seeing?
Are you seeing?
Is he seeing?
Is she seeing?
Is it seeing?
Are we seeing?
Are you seeing?
Are they seeing?
See in conditional perfect
Утверждение
I would have seen
You would have seen
He would have seen
She would have seen
It would have seen
We would have seen
You would have seen
They would have seen
Отрицание
I would not have seen
You would not have seen
He would not have seen
She would not have seen
It would not have seen
We would not have seen
You would not have seen
They would not have seen
Вопрос
Would I have seen?
Would you have seen?
Would he have seen?
Would she have seen?
Would it have seen?
Would we have seen?
Would you have seen?
Would they have seen?
See in present perfect continuous
Утверждение
I have been seeing
You have been seeing
He has been seeing
She has been seeing
It has been seeing
We have been seeing
You have been seeing
They have been seeing
Отрицание
I have not been seeing
You have not been seeing
He has not been seeing
She has not been seeing
It has not been seeing
We have not been seeing
You have not been seeing
They have not been seeing
Вопрос
Have I been seeing?
Have you been seeing?
Has he been seeing?
Has she been seeing?
Has it been seeing?
Have we been seeing?
Have you been seeing?
Have they been seeing?
See in conditional present progressive
Утверждение
I would be seeing
You would be seeing
He would be seeing
She would be seeing
It would be seeing
We would be seeing
You would be seeing
They would be seeing
Отрицание
I would not be seeing
You would not be seeing
He would not be seeing
She would not be seeing
It would not be seeing
We would not be seeing
You would not be seeing
They would not be seeing
Вопрос
Would I be seeing?
Would you be seeing?
Would he be seeing?
Would she be seeing?
Would it be seeing?
Would we be seeing?
Would you be seeing?
Would they be seeing?
See in future perfect
Утверждение
I will have seen
You will have seen
He will have seen
She will have seen
It will have seen
We will have seen
You will have seen
They will have seen
Отрицание
I will not have seen
You will not have seen
He will not have seen
She will not have seen
It will not have seen
We will not have seen
You will not have seen
They will not have seen
Вопрос
Will I have seen?
Will you have seen?
Will he have seen?
Will she have seen?
Will it have seen?
Will we have seen?
Will you have seen?
Will they have seen?
See in past perfect
Утверждение
I had seen
You had seen
He had seen
She had seen
It had seen
We had seen
You had seen
They had seen
Отрицание
I had not seen
You had not seen
He had not seen
She had not seen
It had not seen
We had not seen
You had not seen
They had not seen
Вопрос
Had I seen?
Had you seen?
Had he seen?
Had she seen?
Had it seen?
Had we seen?
Had you seen?
Had they seen?
Грамматические особенности
Глагол to see относится к числу неправильных глаголов, а его основные формы, подлежащие запоминанию, представлены в таблице:
the Infinitive (инфинитив, начальная форма)
the Past Simple Tense (прошедшее простое время)
the Past Participle (причастие прошедшего времени)
to see
saw
seen
It’s really hard to see your beloved person marry someone else. / Это действительно тяжело видеть, как любимый тобой человек выходит замуж за кого-то другого.
We saw that girl at your birthday party and at the railway station last week. / Мы видели эту девушку на твоей вечеринке по поводу дня рождения и на железнодорожном вокзале .
Have you ever seen anyone diving into the sea off a high cliff? / Ты когда-нибудь видел, как кто-нибудь ныряет в море с высокой скалы?
Simple
Continuous
Perfect
Perfect Continuous
Present
the Present Simple Tense
see / sees
I see Mary every day at the bus stop./ Я каждый день вижу Мери на автобусной остановке.
am / is / are seeing
I am seeing my dentist tomorrow at 2 p.m. / Я иду к моему стоматологу завтра в 2 часа дня.
the Present Perfect Tense
have / has seen
Tom has never seen the sunset by the seashore. / Том никогда не видел закат на морском берегу.
the Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Past
saw
We saw Ann crossing the road half an hour ago. / Мы видели, как Энн переходила дорогу полчаса назад.
was / were seeing
When she invited me I had already had some other plans. I was seeing Jill in the evening. / Когда она пригласила меня, у меня уже были кое-какие планы. Я встречался вечером с Джил.
the Past Perfect Tense
had seen
By the time he began to make up a story she had already seen the truth in his eyes. / К тому времени, как он начал выдумывать историю, она уже увидела правду в его глазах.
the Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Future
the Future Simple Tense
will see
I hope I will see you at my birthday party on Saturday. / Надеюсь, я увижу вас на моей вечеринке по поводу дня рождения в субботу.
will be seeing
I realize that at 7 o’clock I will be seeing an old partner of the company, so I have to decline my friends’ invitation. / Я понимаю, что в 7 часов я буду встречаться со старым партнером компании, поэтому я вынужден отклонить приглашение моих друзей.
the Future Perfect Tense
will have seen
By the time he begins to look for this document we will already have seen all needed information and will have put this paper back on his desk. / К тому времени, как он начнет искать этот документ, мы уже увидим всю необходимую информацию и положим эту бумагу обратно на его письменный стол.
the Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Jack saw his wife in the shopping mall.
Джек увидел свою жену в торговом центре.
Simple
Continuous
Perfect
Perfect Continuous
Present
A big area of swamped land is seen in this map. / Большая площадь заболоченных земель видна на этой карте.
The consequences of that disaster have been seen by everybody. / Последствия той катастрофы видели все.
Past
That person was seen by my father near our house yesterday. / Того человека видел мой отец рядом с нашим домом вчера.
The picture had been seen by the customer by the time the artist decided to change it dramatically. / Картину уже видел заказчик к тому времени, как художник решил кардинально ее изменить.
Future
The results of the doctor’s efforts will be seen only in a few days. / Результаты усилий доктора будут видны только через несколько дней.
The results of the test will have been seen by your parents tomorrow morning so you won’t be able to tell them your lies. / Результаты теста будут увидены твоими родителями завтра утром, поэтому ты не сможешь солгать им.
See in future simple
Утверждение
I will see
You will see
He will see
She will see
It will see
We will see
You will see
They will see
Отрицание
I will not see
You will not see
He will not see
She will not see
It will not see
We will not see
You will not see
They will not see
Вопрос
Will I see?
Will you see?
Will he see?
Will she see?
Will it see?
Will we see?
Will you see?
Will they see?
Фразовые глаголы с основой to see
to see about
позаботиться о чем-либо
Peter will see about your arrival.
Питер позаботиться о вашем прибытии.
to see off
провожать (уезжающего)
I don’t like to see people off at the railway station or the airport.
Я не люблю провожать людей на железнодорожном вокзале или в аэропорту.
to see out
довести до благополучного завершения, закончить
Don’t you want to see your project out?
Ты не хочешь довести свой проект до конца?
to see through
не попасться на уловку, видеть насквозь
Don’t make such great efforts! I see through all your tricks.
Не прилагай таких больших усилий! Я вижу насквозь все твои уловки.
to see to
наблюдать, присматривать за кем-либо
Don’t worry! I’ll see to your things.
Не беспокойся! Я присмотрю за твоими вещами.
See in past simple
Утверждение
He saw
She saw
It saw
Отрицание
I did not see
You did not see
He did not see
She did not see
It did not see
We did not see
You did not see
They did not see
Вопрос
Did you see?
Did he see?
Did she see?
Did it see?
Did we see?
Did you see?
Did they see?
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